A Comprehensive Review of ICRC's Role in Promoting the Applicability of International Humanitarian Law

Abstract

This article provides an in-depth examination of the International Committee of the Red Cross's (ICRC) multifaceted role in promoting the applicability of International Humanitarian Law (IHL). With a unique and distinctive nature, the ICRC, which has been in existence for 150 years, plays a crucial role in encouraging compliance with International Humanitarian Law (IHL). It functions as a direct advocate for the Conventions in various conflicts around the globe. Before the establishment of the Conventions, the ICRC has been instrumental in the development of International Humanitarian Law (IHL) since the mid-1800s. The author also examines how historical influence continues to shape the ICRC's obligations under the Conventions. Despite the Conventions' limited function for the ICRC, its actual operations differ greatly from its authorised duties. States and non-state actors recognise the ICRC's unique status as a Swiss NGO with an international presence and accept its actions. The ICRC's history of using discretion and flexibility to navigate a treaty with a weak mandate supports this acceptance.